Elements of Strategic Policy for Small Scale Fisheries Management in Semarang City
Elemen Kebijakan Strategis Pengelolaan Perikanan Skala Kecil di Kota Semarang
Abstrak
Perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang memegang peranan penting, karena keseluruhan armada penangkapan yang ada merupakan skala kecil (< 10 GT). Namun keberadaannya kurang mendapat perhatian, karena kontribusi sektor perikanan terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Kota Semarang tergolong kecil. Perkembangan jumlah unit penangkapan pada perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang setiap tahun selalu meningkat, sementara di sisi lain hasil tangkapan atau produksi perikanan mulai menurun sejak tahun 2017 sampai sekarang. Masih terdapatnya pengoperasian alat tangkap yang tidak ramah lingkungan, seperti halnya arad (sejenis pukat), dan implementasi dari kebijakan peraturan perundangan yang belum efektif menjadikan permasalahan perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang ini semakin kompleks. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji elemen kebijakan strategis pengelolaan perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang berdasarkan elemen aktor, elemen kendala, elemen kebutuhan, dan elemen program agar berkelanjutan. Metode analisis data digunakan teknik Intrepretative Structural Modelling (ISM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat empat elemen sistem dalam kebijakan strategis pengelolaan perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang, yaitu elemen aktor, elemen kendala, elemen kebutuhan, dan elemen program. Aktor utama dalam pengelolaan perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang adalah nelayan dan Dinas Perikanan Kota Semarang dengan kendala utamanya, yaitu kelebihan kapasitas penangkapan, penurunan hasil tangkapan, penangkapan tidak ramah lingkungan dan regulasi belum efektif kebutuhan utamanya adalah perlunya konservasi sumberdaya ikan dan peningkatan pendapatan nelayan serta program utamanya, yaitu pembatasan alat tangkap tidak ramah lingkungan.
Unduh
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