A Review of Rural Tourism Development in the Context of Social Exchange Theory Application
Abstract
Rural tourism promotes sustainable development through economic, socio-cultural, and environmental means. To embrace rural tourism development, communities need to thoroughly evaluate the benefits and drawbacks associated with such changes. The challenges of this process entail assessing the consequences of the decision made in response to the social interactions occurring within the community. This study conducts a systematic review to identify research gaps in the application of Social Exchange Theory (SET), focusing on how attitudes, networking, and participation influence community decisions towards rural tourism. The findings reveal that these factors significantly shape local communities' perspectives and involvement in tourism development. Concluding with a conceptual framework grounded in SET, the paper provides insights into how attitudes, networking, and participation can drive sustainable rural tourism and facilitate cultural heritage conservation.
References
1. Homans, G. C. Social Behavior as Exchange. American Journal of Sociology, 1958, 62, 597–606.
2. Ward, C.; Berno, T. Beyond Social Exchange Theory: Attitudes Toward Tourists. Ann.Tour Res., 2011, 38, 1556–1569.
3. Back, K. W.; Bushell, D. The Potential Impact of B. F. Skinner upon American Sociology. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1970, 35(6), 1098–1100.
4. Liu, S.; Shu, H. Hierarchical Propagation Networks for Fake News Detection: Investigation and Exploitation. 11th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning, 2020.
5. Garritty, C.; Stevens, A.; Hamel, C.; Golfam, M.; Hutton, B.; Wolfe, D, Knowledge Synthesis in Evidence-Based Medicine. Semin Nucl Med., 2019, 49(2), 136-144
6. Wondimagegn, M.; Teshome, S.; Gudina, L. Method for Conducting Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis for Environmental Science Research. MethodsX, 2020, 7, 100777.Karen, S. IESBS, 2d. ed., 2015, 2, 482-488.
7. Grant, M. J.; Booth, A. A Typology of Reviews: An Analysis of 14 Review Types and Associated Methologies. Health Inf. Libr. J., 2009, 26(2), 91-108.
8. Wang, Y. A.; Pfister, R. E.; Residents Attitudes toward Tourism and Perceived Personal Benefits in a Rural Community. J. Travel Res., 2008, 47(1), 84-93.Blau, P. M. Exchange and Power in Social Life. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1965, 30, 789-790.
9. Choi, H. C.; Murray, I. Resident Attitudes Toward Sustainable Community Tourism. J. Sustain. Tour., 2010, 18(4), 575-594.
10. Látková, P.; Vogt, C. A. Residents' Attitudes Toward Existing and Future Tourism Development in Rural Communities. J. Travel Res., 2012, 51(1), 50-67.
11. Siu, G.; Lee, L. Y. S.; Leung, D. Residents' Perceptions Toward The “Chinese Tourists' Wave” In Hong Kong: An Exploratory Study. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res., 2013, 18(5), 446-463.
12. Özel, Ç, H.; Kozak, N. An Exploratory Study of Resident Perceptions Toward The Tourism Industry in Cappadocia: A Social Exchange Theory Approach Asia. Pac. J. Tour. Res. 2017, 22(3), 284-300.
13. Chang, K. C. The Affecting Tourism Development Attitudes Based on The Social Exchange Theory and The Social Network Theory. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res., 2021, 26(2), 167-182.
14. Kelliher F, Reinl L, Johnson T G, and Joppe M The role of trust in building rural tourism micro firm network engagement : A multi-case study. 2018 Tour. Manag. 68 1-12
15. Kang, S. K.; Lee, J. S. Support of Marijuana Tourism in Colorado: A Residents' Perspective using Social Exchange Theory. J. Destin. Mark. Manag., 2018, 9, 310-319.
16. Maruyama, N.; Keith, S.; Woosnam. Incorporating Emotion Into Social Exchange: Considering Distinct Resident Groups’ Attitudes Towards Ethnic Neighborhood Tourism in Osaka, Japan. J. Sustain. Tour., 2019, 27, 1125–1141.
17. Abdul, M. A.; Jee, T. W.; Voon, M. L.; Ngui, K. S.; Kasuma, J. Tourism Development Through Communities'support: Rural Communities'perspective. Geoj. Tour. Geosites, 2021, 39, 1473- 1482.
18. Çelik, S.; Rasoolimanesh, S. M. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism, Cost-Benefit Attitudes, and Support for Tourism: A Pre-development Perspective. Tour. Plan. Dev., 2023, 20(4), 522-540.
19. Blau, P.; Exchange and Power in Social Life. Am. Sociol. Rev. 1965, 30, 789-790.
20. Emerson, R. M. Social Exchange Theory. Annu. Rev. Sociol., 1976, 2, 335–362.
21. Karen, S. Exchange: Social. IESBS. 2015, 2, 482-488.
22. Ahmad, R.; Nawaz, M. R.; Ishaq, M. I.; Khan, M. M.; Ashraf, H. A. Social Exchange Theory: Systematic Review and Future Directions. Front. psychol., 2022, 13.
23. Thibault, J. W.; Kelley, H. H. The Social Psychology of Groups. New York, John Wiley, 1959.
24. Gouldner, A. W. The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1960, 25(2), 161–178.
25. Firth, R. Themes in Economic Anthropology. London, Routledge, 1967.
26. Sahlins, M. Stone Age Economics. Chicago, Aldine-Atherton IncI, 1972.
27. Byrd, M. E. Social Exchange as a Framework for Client-Nurse Interaction During Public Health Nursing Maternal-Child Home Visits. Pub. Health Nurs., 2006, 23(3), 271–276.
28. Sulistyan, R. Lecturer E-Learning Training: The Role of Social Exchange Theory. Empow. Soc., 2020, 3, 50-56.
29. Chernyak-Hai, L.; Rabenu, E. The New Era Workplacerelationships: Is Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant?. Ind. Organ. Psychol., 2018, 11(3), 456-481.
30. Cook, K. S.; Emerson, R. M. Power, Equity and Commitment in Exchange Networks. Networks Am. Sociol. Rev., 1978, 43(5), 721-739.
31. Tsanos, C. S.; Zografos, K. G. The Effects Of Behavioural Supply Chain Relationship Antecedents on Integration And Performance. Supply Chain Manag., 2016, 21, 678-693.
32. Gezelius, S. S. Considerate Exchange: Exploring Social Exchange on Family Farms. J. Fam.& Eco., 2017, 38, 18-32.
33. Altmann, T. K. Attitude: A Concept Analysis. Nurs. Forum, 2008, 43.
34. Ritzer, G. Sociological Theory. New York, McGraw-Hil, 8th Edition, 1983.
35. Riordan C 2000 Relational Demography Within Groups: Past Developments, Contradictions, and New Vol. 19 (United Kingdom: Emmerald Group Publishing Ltd) p131-173
36. Wellman, B. Studying Personal Communities in East York. Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto, 1982.
37. Jones, E. E.; Gergen, K. J.; Gumpert, P.; Thibaut, J. W. Some conditions Affecting The Use of Ingratiation o Influence Performance Evaluation. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 1965, 1(6), 613–625.
38. Thibaut, J. The Development Of Contractual Norms in Bargaining: Replication And Variation. J. Conflict Resol., 1968, 12(1), 102-112.
39. Thibaut, J.; Gruder, C. L. Formation of Contractual Agreements Between Parties of Unequal Power. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol, 1969, 11(1), 59–65.
40. Knottnerus, J. D.; Guan, J. The Works of Peter M. Blau: Analytical Strategies, Developments, and Assumptions. Sociol. Perspect., 1997, 40(1).
2. Ward, C.; Berno, T. Beyond Social Exchange Theory: Attitudes Toward Tourists. Ann.Tour Res., 2011, 38, 1556–1569.
3. Back, K. W.; Bushell, D. The Potential Impact of B. F. Skinner upon American Sociology. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1970, 35(6), 1098–1100.
4. Liu, S.; Shu, H. Hierarchical Propagation Networks for Fake News Detection: Investigation and Exploitation. 11th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning, 2020.
5. Garritty, C.; Stevens, A.; Hamel, C.; Golfam, M.; Hutton, B.; Wolfe, D, Knowledge Synthesis in Evidence-Based Medicine. Semin Nucl Med., 2019, 49(2), 136-144
6. Wondimagegn, M.; Teshome, S.; Gudina, L. Method for Conducting Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis for Environmental Science Research. MethodsX, 2020, 7, 100777.Karen, S. IESBS, 2d. ed., 2015, 2, 482-488.
7. Grant, M. J.; Booth, A. A Typology of Reviews: An Analysis of 14 Review Types and Associated Methologies. Health Inf. Libr. J., 2009, 26(2), 91-108.
8. Wang, Y. A.; Pfister, R. E.; Residents Attitudes toward Tourism and Perceived Personal Benefits in a Rural Community. J. Travel Res., 2008, 47(1), 84-93.Blau, P. M. Exchange and Power in Social Life. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1965, 30, 789-790.
9. Choi, H. C.; Murray, I. Resident Attitudes Toward Sustainable Community Tourism. J. Sustain. Tour., 2010, 18(4), 575-594.
10. Látková, P.; Vogt, C. A. Residents' Attitudes Toward Existing and Future Tourism Development in Rural Communities. J. Travel Res., 2012, 51(1), 50-67.
11. Siu, G.; Lee, L. Y. S.; Leung, D. Residents' Perceptions Toward The “Chinese Tourists' Wave” In Hong Kong: An Exploratory Study. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res., 2013, 18(5), 446-463.
12. Özel, Ç, H.; Kozak, N. An Exploratory Study of Resident Perceptions Toward The Tourism Industry in Cappadocia: A Social Exchange Theory Approach Asia. Pac. J. Tour. Res. 2017, 22(3), 284-300.
13. Chang, K. C. The Affecting Tourism Development Attitudes Based on The Social Exchange Theory and The Social Network Theory. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res., 2021, 26(2), 167-182.
14. Kelliher F, Reinl L, Johnson T G, and Joppe M The role of trust in building rural tourism micro firm network engagement : A multi-case study. 2018 Tour. Manag. 68 1-12
15. Kang, S. K.; Lee, J. S. Support of Marijuana Tourism in Colorado: A Residents' Perspective using Social Exchange Theory. J. Destin. Mark. Manag., 2018, 9, 310-319.
16. Maruyama, N.; Keith, S.; Woosnam. Incorporating Emotion Into Social Exchange: Considering Distinct Resident Groups’ Attitudes Towards Ethnic Neighborhood Tourism in Osaka, Japan. J. Sustain. Tour., 2019, 27, 1125–1141.
17. Abdul, M. A.; Jee, T. W.; Voon, M. L.; Ngui, K. S.; Kasuma, J. Tourism Development Through Communities'support: Rural Communities'perspective. Geoj. Tour. Geosites, 2021, 39, 1473- 1482.
18. Çelik, S.; Rasoolimanesh, S. M. Residents' Attitudes towards Tourism, Cost-Benefit Attitudes, and Support for Tourism: A Pre-development Perspective. Tour. Plan. Dev., 2023, 20(4), 522-540.
19. Blau, P.; Exchange and Power in Social Life. Am. Sociol. Rev. 1965, 30, 789-790.
20. Emerson, R. M. Social Exchange Theory. Annu. Rev. Sociol., 1976, 2, 335–362.
21. Karen, S. Exchange: Social. IESBS. 2015, 2, 482-488.
22. Ahmad, R.; Nawaz, M. R.; Ishaq, M. I.; Khan, M. M.; Ashraf, H. A. Social Exchange Theory: Systematic Review and Future Directions. Front. psychol., 2022, 13.
23. Thibault, J. W.; Kelley, H. H. The Social Psychology of Groups. New York, John Wiley, 1959.
24. Gouldner, A. W. The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement. Am. Sociol. Rev., 1960, 25(2), 161–178.
25. Firth, R. Themes in Economic Anthropology. London, Routledge, 1967.
26. Sahlins, M. Stone Age Economics. Chicago, Aldine-Atherton IncI, 1972.
27. Byrd, M. E. Social Exchange as a Framework for Client-Nurse Interaction During Public Health Nursing Maternal-Child Home Visits. Pub. Health Nurs., 2006, 23(3), 271–276.
28. Sulistyan, R. Lecturer E-Learning Training: The Role of Social Exchange Theory. Empow. Soc., 2020, 3, 50-56.
29. Chernyak-Hai, L.; Rabenu, E. The New Era Workplacerelationships: Is Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant?. Ind. Organ. Psychol., 2018, 11(3), 456-481.
30. Cook, K. S.; Emerson, R. M. Power, Equity and Commitment in Exchange Networks. Networks Am. Sociol. Rev., 1978, 43(5), 721-739.
31. Tsanos, C. S.; Zografos, K. G. The Effects Of Behavioural Supply Chain Relationship Antecedents on Integration And Performance. Supply Chain Manag., 2016, 21, 678-693.
32. Gezelius, S. S. Considerate Exchange: Exploring Social Exchange on Family Farms. J. Fam.& Eco., 2017, 38, 18-32.
33. Altmann, T. K. Attitude: A Concept Analysis. Nurs. Forum, 2008, 43.
34. Ritzer, G. Sociological Theory. New York, McGraw-Hil, 8th Edition, 1983.
35. Riordan C 2000 Relational Demography Within Groups: Past Developments, Contradictions, and New Vol. 19 (United Kingdom: Emmerald Group Publishing Ltd) p131-173
36. Wellman, B. Studying Personal Communities in East York. Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto, 1982.
37. Jones, E. E.; Gergen, K. J.; Gumpert, P.; Thibaut, J. W. Some conditions Affecting The Use of Ingratiation o Influence Performance Evaluation. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 1965, 1(6), 613–625.
38. Thibaut, J. The Development Of Contractual Norms in Bargaining: Replication And Variation. J. Conflict Resol., 1968, 12(1), 102-112.
39. Thibaut, J.; Gruder, C. L. Formation of Contractual Agreements Between Parties of Unequal Power. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol, 1969, 11(1), 59–65.
40. Knottnerus, J. D.; Guan, J. The Works of Peter M. Blau: Analytical Strategies, Developments, and Assumptions. Sociol. Perspect., 1997, 40(1).
Authors
[1]
AlbertG.O., ABDUL RASHIDR. and MojiolA.R. 2024. A Review of Rural Tourism Development in the Context of Social Exchange Theory Application . Media Konservasi. 29, 3 (Jul. 2024).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that, upon publication, the manuscripts will be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. This means that others are free to share, adapt, and build upon the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as they give appropriate credit to the authors for the original creation.