Evaluasi Penggunaan Pupuk Hayati pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) di Kebun Superavo, Subang
Evaluation of the Use of Biofertilizer on the Growth of Avocado Plants (Persea americana Mill.) at Superavo Orchard, Subang
Abstrak
Peningkatan jumlah produksi alpukat dipengaruhi oleh efektivitas pemupukan. Pemupukan adalah hal terpenting dalam pertanian untuk meningkatkan nutrisi tanaman, mencapai tinggi hasil, dan perubahan lingkungan tanah. Penggunaan pupuk hayati diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas tanaman serta memperkecil peluang terjadinya degradasi lahan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor tunggal berupa pemupukan. RAK ini mempunyai sembilan taraf perlakuan, yaitu: 1) kontrol (tanpa pupuk NPK dan hayati), 2) pupuk NPK 100%, 3) pupuk NPK 50%, 4) pupuk NPK 100% + pupuk hayati 100%, 5) pupuk NPK 100% + pupuk hayati 50%, 6) pupuk NPK 50% + pupuk hayati 100%, 7) pupuk NPK 50% + pupuk hayati 50%, 8) pupuk hayati 100%, 9) pupuk hayati 50%. Perlakuan ini diulang sebanyak lima ulangan. Penggunaan NPK sebagai kombinasi dan substitusi dari pupuk hayati. Pupuk dasar yang digunakan, yaitu pupuk kandang sebanyak 1.25 kg/pohon. Secara keseluruhan perlakuan terbaik adalah kombinasi dari pupuk NPK dan pupuk hayati khususnya pada perlakuan P3, yaitu kombinasi antara NPK 100% dan pupuk hayati 100%. Hal ini terlihat pada pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman alpukat serta hasil analisis kimia dan biologi tanah yang meningkat. Hasil siginifikan terjadi pada laju tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang tersier, N-total, dan aktivitas invertase tanah.
Unduh
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Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University
