The Sustainability Aspect Affecting the Urban Rainwater Harvesting System in Balikpapan City: A Water Supply Adaption Strategies for The Capital City of Nusantara
Abstract
Water conservation efforts are needed to meet increasing water demand (e.g., rainwater harvesting) to help maintain water and environmental sustainability in the present and future. The interdependence of the five components, which comprised 31 factors, was examined in a quick assessment of urban rainwater harvesting. This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability aspect that affects rainwater harvesting based on five sustainability factors. Stages of the research methodology; 1) Preparation of the research area and respondents, 2) Collecting data through survey methods using interview techniques to obtain related data, 3) Conducting data analysis and characterizing the sustainability of rainwater harvesting, using multi-aspect analysis based on developed factors and attributes, and 4) Using two scenarios reasonably sustainable circumstances urban rainwater harvesting variables, adapting management strategies should be developed based on the urban rainwater harvesting sustainability research, which is in a reasonably sustainable environment. The results show that the sustainability status of urban rainwater harvesting in the City of Balikpapan is relatively consistent, with an indicator of 44.77%. Institutional and technological infrastructure are aspects of low sustainability. To raise sustainability status to 'sustainable,’ then choose scenario number 1, that is a realistic scenario in which the 10 sensitive factors are upgraded, thereby raising the sustainability indicator to 65.52%. The most sensitive attributes to be improved are poor groundwater quality, availability of funding for rainwater harvesting, need for roof cleaning, need for collaboration between stakeholders, and reduction of conflict over taking water sources.
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[2]. Sucipto, Kompas (2023). Pasok Air Baku ke IKN, Pembangunan Bendungan Sepaku Semoi Capai 83 Persen https://www.kompas.id/baca/nusantara/2023/01/23/fisik-bendungan-sepaku-semoi-83-persen-tahun-2024-ditarget-bisa-digunakan-untuk-ikn
[3]. Firmansyah, Irman. 2022. Multiaspect Sustainability Analysis (Theory and Application). Expert Simulation Program Article. 2022. (1): 1-14
[4]. Paulus, C. A., Sobang, Y. U. L., Pellokila, M. R., and Azmanajaya, E. (2018). The Sustainability Development Status of Pigs Livestock on Traditional Fishery Household In Nembrala Village of Rote Ndao Island. Russian Journal of Agricultural and SocioEconomic Sciences, 76(4)
[5]. Raimondi A, Quinn R, Abhijith GR, Becciu G, Ostfeld A. Rainwater Harvesting and Treatment: State of the Art and Perspectives. Water. 2023; 15(8):1518. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15081518
[6]. Alam Mohammad Faiz, McClain Michael E., Sikka Alok, Daniel D., Pande Saket (2022). Benefits, equity, and sustainability of community rainwater harvesting structures: An assessment based on farm scale social survey. Frontiers in Environmental Science. Vol 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1043896. DOI=10.3389/fenvs.2022.1043896. ISSN=2296-665X
[7]. Ebrahimi, P., & Mohseni Saravi, M. (2021). Economic study of the rainwater collection system in drought conditions. Water Harvesting Research, 4(2), 227-237. doi: 10.22077/jwhr.2022.5246.1058
[8]. Castier, M., de Barros Barreto, P. Economic attractiveness of domestic rainwater harvesting in Brazilian cities. Discov Water 3, 9 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43832-023-00033-1
[9]. Michelle N Gunawan, Yunita Ismail (2020). Study of Rainwater Harvesting Implementation. Journal of Industrial Engineering, Scientific Journal on Research and Application of Industrial System, Vol. 5, No.1, April 2020: 37-47
[10]. Service Opare Source (2012). Rainwater harvesting: an option for sustainable rural water supply in Ghana. GeoJournal, Vol. 77, No. 5 (2012), pp. 695-705 Published by: Springer Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23324853
[11]. M F Haidar et al (2022). Rainwater harvesting as a solution for mitigation and adaptation to flood disasters (study case: Cisurupan). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109 (2022) 012021 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012021
[12]. Rovira, Carolina; Sánchez-Masferrer, Manuel; Rovira, María Dolores (2020). Is Rainwater Harvesting a Solution for Water Access in Latin America and the Caribbean?: An Economic Analysis for Underserved Households in El Salvador, http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002689
[13]. Ayele, Y.A (2014). Rainwater Harvesting for Climate Change Adaption in Ethiopia: Policy and Institutional Analysis (Monograph Series). Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization
[14]. JiangX. (2019). Analyzing The Willingness To Work And Willingness To Pay For Rwh In Japan. Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia, 10(2), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.29244/jli.v10i2.21191
[15]. Cleylse Andreia Souza Lima, Robert Schiaveto de Souza, Aleska Kaufmann Almeida & Isabel Kaufmann de Almeida (2021) Economic feasibility of a rainwater harvesting system in a residential condominium in the Brazilian Midwest, International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 14:6, 1950-1961, DOI: 10.1080/19397038.2021.1961910
[16]. Sandeep Samantaray, Dillip K. Ghose, Saeid Eslamian (2021). Return Period Determination for Rainwater Harvesting System Design. Chapter 13. Handbook of Water Harvesting and Conservation: Basic Concepts and Fundamentals. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119478911.ch13
[17]. Fulazzaky. et al, (2022). Reliability and Economic Analysis of a Rainwater-Harvesting System for a Commercial Building with a Large Rooftop Area. ACS ES&T Water 2022 2 (4), 604-615. DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.1c00455
[18]. Alfred R. Bizoza, Gloria Umutoni (2018). Socio-Economic Impacts of Rain Water Harvesting Technologies in Rwanda: A case study of Nyaruguru District, Southern Province. ISSN 1014-4874. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rj.v26i1.6
[19]. Reta Luciani, Dasim Budimansyah (2021). The Effect of Rain Water Harvesting Movement on Social Care of Citizens (Case Study at Harapan Jaya Kalidoni Housing in Palembang). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 636. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2021)
[20]. Mirayani, Ni Putu. (2020) Peranan Modal Sosial Dalam Pengelolaan Perusahaan Air Minum Desa (Pamdes) Tri Mandala Tirta (Studi Kasus: Desa Kenderan, Kecamatan Tegallalang, Kabupaten Gianyar). Program Studi Administrasi Negara, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik Universitas Udayana
[21]. BPS Kota Balikpapan. 2023. Balikpapan dalam Angka 2022
[22]. Tanner J.S. Hoffman, Alinaitwe Collins, Joseph Lwere, James B. Harrington (2021). Elevating the standard: a professionalized approach to community-based rainwater harvesting systems in Uganda. Waterlines, 40:2, 115–126 . http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.20-00016.
[23]. Pedro Pablo Cardoso, Andrew Swan, Ronaldo Mendes. (2018) Exploring the key issues and stakeholders associated with the application of rainwater systems within theAmazon Region. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 2018,5(4),pp.724-735. 10.9770/jesi.2018.5.4(2). hal-01856582.
[24]. de Sá Silva, ACR. et al. (2022). Exploring environmental, economic and social aspects of rainwater harvesting systems: A review, Sustainable Cities and Society, Volume 76, 2022, 103475, ISSN 2210-6707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103475
[25]. Silvia, C. S., & Safriani, M. 2018. Analisis Potensi Pemanenan Air Hujan Dengan Teknik Rainwater Harvesting Untuk Kebutuhan Domestik. Jurnal Teknik Sipil Dan Teknologi Konstruksi, 4(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.35308/jts-utu.v4i1
[26]. Nguyen, D.C., et al.(2013). Sustainability Assessment of the Rainwater Harvesting System for Drinking Water Supply: A Case Study of Cukhe Village, Hanoi, Vietnam. Environmental Engineering Research. 2013;18(2): 109 :109-114. doi:https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2013.18.2.109
[27]. Oweis, T. & Hachum, A. (2009) Water Harvesting for Improved Rainfed Agriculture in the Dry Environments. Integrated Water and Land Management Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria
[28]. Endah Lestari et al (2020). Utilization of rainwater harvesting installation to fulfil water needs in educational buildings. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 852 012054
[29]. K.K. Kuok, P.C. Chiu, M.R. Rahman, M.K.B. Bakri, M.Y. Chin (2021). Performance of Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Institutional Buildings under Different Reliability and Future Economy Benefits. Journal of Hunan University（Natural Sciences）Vol. 48. No. 8. August 2021
[30]. Weinan Zhou, Kunihiko Matsumoto & Masanori Sawaki (2023) Potential of traditional domestic rainwater harvesting systems: current trends and future directions, Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, DOI: 10.1080/13467581.2023.2214193
Authors
AzmanajayaE., HermansyahH., RusT. Y., KiptiahM., DeviS. M., AdityaA. W. and PaulusC. A. (2024) “The Sustainability Aspect Affecting the Urban Rainwater Harvesting System in Balikpapan City: A Water Supply Adaption Strategies for The Capital City of Nusantara”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 14(3), p. 627. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.14.3.627.
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