The Effect of Revegetation on Soil Properties of Copper Post-Mining Land in West Nusa Tenggara
Abstract
Copper mining activities mainly using open-pit techniques, lead to environmental issues such as overburden waste in waste dump areas that have potential to generate acid mine drainage (AMD), which can decrease soil pH and increase heavy metal toxicity. Reclamation efforts, including revegetation using pioneer plants and cover crops are necessary to restore degraded land in waste dump areas. The aim of this research is to analyze soil physical and chemical properties improvement after revegetation on copper post-mining land as an evaluation and to provide recommendations for future reclamation. The research was carried out by analyzing and interpreting laboratory data from soil observations in revegetation areas for the 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2020 planting years, as well as natural forests belonging to PT. Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara. Revegetation of copper post-mining land does not show a significant improvement in soil physical properties because improving physical properties takes quite a long time, especially in post-mining areas with heavy structural damage. Soil chemical properties analysis shows that revegetation can increase base saturation (BS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exch-Ca, exch-Mg, and reduce soil Al saturation. In contrast, soil pH, organic-C, total-N, and soil available-P in the revegetation area did not increase as the revegetation age increased. The effect of revegetation appears to be more significant at the age of 2 to 3 years. However, based on the Tukey test, the age of revegetation mostly does not have a significant effect on enhancing soil chemical properties.
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