Identification of Phytoplasmas on Carrot (Daucus carota L.) and Leafhopper Associated with Yellow Disease in Bogor and Bandung, West Java
Abstrak
Gejala kuning mirip seperti infeksi fitoplasma ditemukan pada pertanaman wortel di Jawa Barat. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi fitoplasma pada tanaman wortel dan serangga wereng yang berasosiasi dengan gejala kuning di Bogor dan Bandung. Wereng yang ditemukan pada pertanaman wortel di Bogor terdiri atas 5 spesies wereng daun (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), yaitu Balclutha incisa (Matsumura), Orosius argentatus (Evans), Cicadulina bipunctata (Matsumura), Empoascanara indica (Datta), Exitianus indicus (Distant), dan 1 spesies wereng batang (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), yaitu Sogatella furcifera (Horváth). Deteksi fitoplasma pada tanaman dan wereng dilakukan dengan nested-PCR, sikuensing, dan analisis DNA sikuen. Nested-PCR berhasil mengamplifikasi DNA target, yaitu gen 16S rRNA fitoplasma dari tanaman dan wereng. Analisis identitas matriks sikuen fitoplasma asal tanaman wortel di Bogor menunjukkan homologi tertinggi dengan fitoplasma dari grup 16SrII, yaitu Peanut witches’-broom phytoplasma; sedangkan sampel asal Bandung menunjukkan homologi tertinggi dengan fitoplasma dari grup 16SrI, yaitu Ca. Phytoplasma asteris dan Tomato big bud phytoplasma. Analisis identitas matriks sikuen fitoplasma asal wereng di Bogor (B. incisa, S. furcifera) menunjukkan homologi tertinggi dengan fitoplasma dari grup 16SrII, yaitu Cactus witches’-broom phytoplasma; sedangkan fitoplasma asal C. bipunctata dari Bogor menunjukkan homologi tertinggi dengan fitoplasma grup 16SrI, yaitu Ca. Phytoplasma asteris. Tulisan ini merupakan laporan pertama fitoplasma yang menginfeksi tanaman wortel di Bogor dan Bandung.
Unduh
Referensi
Deng S, Hiruki C. 1991. Amplification of 16S rRNA genes from culturable and nonculturable mollicutes. J Microbiol Methods. 14:53–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(91)90007-D.
Duduk B, Peric P, Marcic D, Drobnjakovic T, Picciau L, Alma A, Bertaccini A. 2008. Phytoplasmas in carrots: Disease and potential vectors in Serbia. Bull Insectology. 61(2):327–331.
Gera A, Mawassi M, Weintraub PG. 2011. Phytoplasma and spiroplasma diseases in open field-crops in Israel. Bull Insectol. 64:53–54.
Gundersen DE, Lee IM. 1996. Ultrasensitive detection of phytoplasmas by nested-PCR assays using two universal primer pairs. Phytopathol Mediterr. 35:144–151.
Hosseini SAE, Salehi M, Khodakaramian G, Mirchenari SM, Bertaccini A. 2015. An up to date status of Alfalfa witches’ broom disease in Iran. Phytopathogenic Mollicutes. 5(1):9–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2249-4677.2015.00057.2.
Omar AF. 2017. Detection and molecular characterization of phytoplasmas associated with vegetable and alfalfa crops in Qassim region. J Plant interact. 12(1):58–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2017.1279357.
Orenstein S, Franck A, Kuznetzova L, Sela I, Tanne E. 1999. Association of phytoplasmas with a yellows disease of carrot in Israel. J Plant Pathol. 81:193–199.
Prasetya A, Giyanto, Mutaqin KH, Sinaga MS. 2017. Fitoplasma patogen tumbuhan legum, kaktus, bambu, dan rumput: Pengembangan teknik deteksi dan keragaman molekuler [disertasi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Prasetyo AE, Mutaqin KH, Giyanto. 2017. Deteksi dan identifikasi fitoplasma yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit layu kelapa di Pulau Derawan, Kalimantan Timur. J Fitopatol Indones. 13(3):89–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.13.3.89.
Salehi M, Hosseini SAE, Salehi E, Bertaccini A. 2016. Molecular and biological characterization of a 16SrII phytoplasma associated with carrot witches’ broom in Iran. J Plant Pathol. 98(1):83–90.
Sastrini T, Mutaqin KH. 2013. Penularan fitoplasma sapu pada tanaman kacang tanah oleh serangga vektor Orosius argentatus dan deteksi molekuler dengan teknik PCR. J Fitopatol Indones. 9(1):21–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.9.1.21.
Schneider B, Seemuller E, Smart CD, Kirkpatrick BC. 1995. Phylogenetic classification of plant pathogenic mycoplasma-like organisms or phytoplasmas. Di dalam: Razin S, Tully JG, editor. Molecular and Diagnostic Procedures in Mycoplasmology. London (GB): Academic Press. hlm 369–380.
Sibarani SMA, Joko T, Subandiyah S. 2019. Detection and identification of banana-associated phytoplasma using nested-PCR method. JPTI. 23(1):148–155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.38320.
Wei W, Davis RE, Lee IM, Zhao Y. 2007. Computer-simulated RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA genes, identification of ten new phytoplasma groups. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 57(8):1855–1867. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65000-0.
Wilson MR, Claridge MF. 1991. Handbook for the identification of leafhoppers and planthoppers of rice. Wallingford (GB): CAB International.
##submission.copyrightStatement##
##submission.license.cc.by-sa4.footer##Authors who publish in Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
