Characteristics and quality of biofloc in vannamei shrimp culture with different carbon sources

  • Muhammad Faris Allam Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
  • Julie Ekasari Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
  • Ichsan Achmad Fauzi Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
  • Wiyoto Wiyoto Study Program of Technology and Management of Applied Aquaculture, College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, West Java 16128, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.23.1.92-100

Abstract

The different carbohydrate complexities are thought to affect the bioavailability of carbon sources for heterotrophic bacteria in the biofloc formation process and produce different biofloc characteristics. Based on these, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using carbon sources with different levels of complexity on the characteristics and quality of biofloc in pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) rearing. The carbon sources used in this study were dextrose (DX), potato starch (ST), and α-cellulose (CL). The experimental tests were the TAN (total ammonia nitrogen) reduction test which was carried out for 16 hours and the shrimp rearing test which was carried out for 30 days. Parameters measured to determine the characteristics of biofloc in shrimp rearing test were bifloc volume, biofloc particle size, biofloc nutrient composition, and water quality. The DX treatment produced the lowest TAN in the TAN reduction test. The shrimp rearing test showed the biofloc had different nutrient quality between the treatments. Meanwhile, the water quality between the treatments had relatively close values, but the CL treatment was able to suppress TAN and NO2 lower than the DX and ST treatments during the rearing period. In addition, it is feared that the biofloc volume of the DX treatment which is higher than the ST and CL treatments is feared to be the main cause of stress in shrimp. The conclusion of this study is that complex carbohydrates, especially cellulose, have more potential in improving the performance of the biofloc system.

 

Keywords: biofloc volume, carbohydrate complexity, nutrient composition, particle size

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kompleksitas karbohidrat diduga dapat memengaruhi bioavaibilitas sumber karbon bagi bakteri heterotrof dalam proses pembentukan bioflok, sehingga kompleksitas karbohidrat yang berbeda diduga dapat menghasilkan karakteristik bioflok yang berbeda. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan sumber karbon dengan tingkat kompleksitas yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik dan kualitas bioflok pada pemeliharaan udang vaname (Penaeus vannamei). Sumber karbon yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dekstrosa (DX), tepung kentang (ST), dan α-selulosa (CL) dan rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAL (rancangan acak lengkap). Penelitian ini memiliki dua jenis pengujian yang dilakukan secara paralel, yaitu uji penurunan TAN (total ammonia nitrogen) yang dilakukan selama 16 jam dan uji pemeliharaan udang yang dilakukan selama 30 hari. Parameter yang diukur untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioflok pada pemeliharaan udang adalah volume biflok, ukuran partikel bioflok, komposisi nutrien bioflok, dan kualitas air pemeliharaan. Perlakuan DX menghasilkan TAN paling rendah pada uji penurunan TAN. Bioflok yang dihasilkan dari uji pemeliharaan udang menunjukkan kualitas nutrien bioflok yang berbeda-beda antar perlakuanya. Sementara itu kualitas air antar perlakuan memiliki nilai yang relatif berdekatan, tetapi perlakuan CL mampu menekan TAN dan NO2 lebih rendah dari perlakuan DX dan ST selama masa pemeliharran. Selain itu, volume bioflok akhir perlakuan perlakuan DX yang lebih tinggi dari perlakuan ST dan CL dikhawatirkan dapat menjadi penyebab utama stres pada udang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah karbohidrat kompleks khususnya selulosa lebih berpotensi dalam meningkatkan performa sistem bioflok.

 

Kata kunci: kompleksitas karbohidrat, komposisi nutrisi, ukuran partikel, volume bioflok 

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Published
2024-03-01
How to Cite
[1]
Faris AllamM., EkasariJ., Achmad FauziI. and WiyotoW. 2024. Characteristics and quality of biofloc in vannamei shrimp culture with different carbon sources. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia. 23, 1 (Mar. 2024), 92-100. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.23.1.92-100.
Issue
Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Section
Articles

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